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Mastering the diverse knowledge within a field such as anatomy is a formidable task. It is even more difficult to draw on that knowledge, relate it to a clinical setting, and apply it to the context of the individual patient. To gain these skills, the student learns best with good anatomical models or a well-dissected cadaver, at the laboratory bench, guided and instructed by experienced teachers, and inspired toward self-directed, diligent reading. Clearly, there is no replacement for education at the bench. Even with accurate knowledge of the basic science, the application of that knowledge is not always easy. Thus, this collection of patient cases is designed to simulate the clinical approach and stress the clinical relevance to the anatomical sciences. Most importantly, the explanations for the cases emphasize the mechanisms and structure–function principles, rather than merely rote questions and answers. This book is organized for versatility to allow the student “in a rush” to go quickly through the scenarios and check the corresponding answers or to consider the thought-provoking explanations. The answers are arranged from simple to complex: the bare answers, a clinical correlation of the case, an approach to the pertinent topic including objectives and definitions, a comprehension test at the end, anatomical pearls for emphasis, and a list of references for further reading. The clinical vignettes are listed by region to allow for a more synthetic approach to the material. A listing of cases is included in Section III to aid the student who desires to test his/her knowledge of a certain area or to review a topic including basic definitions. We intentionally used open-ended questions in the case scenarios to encourage the student to think through relations and mechanisms.
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The Indian journal of surgery
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ebook for surgery
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Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology
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This book has been written with an eye towards both clinical diagnosis in actual patient management, as well as clinical diagnosis in your own practical exam settings. It represents a departure from the usual physical examination teaching tools which, in their attempts to be all inclusive, tend to de-emphasize the practical nature of patient care. As a result, students frequently have difficulty identifying what information is truly relevant, why it's important & how it applies to the actual patient. By approaching clinical surgery in a pragmatic & demystified fashion, the significance of the material should be readily apparent & the underlying principles more clearly understood. Format of this book Topics of the modules are carefully selected according the needs of undergraduate surgical students & postgraduate general surgery trainees. In particular each module is written to answer the question: "What do I really need to know about this area of patient disease?" The material covered is presented in a concise, ordered fashion that should be readily applicable to the common clinical scenarios that you will actually see in day to day practice. Important & relevant points in history taking are given in each module with an emphasis to formulate a working diagnosis before clinical examination. Clinical examination techniques are described in step-by-step detail, with aids of photographs. Special maneuvers that are frequently utilized or asked in viva examination are also described. The rationale for each aspect of the examination is addressed &, where appropriate, relevant pathophysiology discussed. In general, students identify their role in patient care either by trial & error, or through the beneficence of more senior students, residents or consultants. This is not particularly efficient & diminishes the potential for learning & fun. Colored photographs, as well as illustrations, clearly identifying appropriate clinical techniques are given including a lot of gross clinical photographs. I hope that this book helps you to master the art of history taking & clinical examination, both for the benefit of your patients & for your excellence in the profession. As the skills required of a surgeon/physician cannot be learned from any single source, I encourage you to make use of as many other references as possible. This should reinforce basic principles & alert you to the fact that there are often many ways of achieving the same end (ie there is frequently no single right way of doing something). What follows, then, serves merely as an introduction. I have tried to capture those core behaviors that define clinical excellence & will have prolonged applicability, even in a technology driven world. The learning process continues (I hope) until the day you stop practicing medicine. There are always new techniques to learn & unusual findings to incorporate into your personal libraries of medical experience. However, unless you take the time to build a solid foundation, you will never have confidence in the accuracy & value of what you can uncover with a sharp mind, agile fingers & a few simple tools!
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